Native American Assimilation Essay - 1782 Words

One of the most difficult issues that arises when two cultures collide is how to address the concept of assimilation. One of the questions that has been asked throughout our nation’s history is whether or not the Native Americans would do well to assimilate into the â€Å"American mainstream. Quite frankly, I don’t think we, as non-Native Americans, have the right to propose an answer to this question. The Native Americans themselves are only ones who should be able to decide the future of their people’s tradition and culture. They are human beings with the capacity to think logically and make their own decisions. At this point, our role as a nation is to be supportive of them, whether they choose to assimilate or not. It is our responsibility†¦show more content†¦As a nation we seem to expect everyone to assimilate into the â€Å"American Mainstream† by adopting our values, our politics, and our way of life. But assimilation is not a one-way str eet, and our culture is not done evolving. When two cultures meet, there should be a give and take from both sides - each one looking to learn something valuable from the other. No culture ever stops changing. We are constantly adopting new ideas and lifestyles. As travel is made easier and technology continues to connect the world, we are even more exposed to cultural input from other nations. It is incredibly ignorant to claim that any people group would be better off to abandon their own culture and adopt the culture of another nation, yet we have asked -- even forced -- Native Americans to do this for generations. Opening a discussion about assimilation reveals a double standard that has been present between native and non-native Americans throughout our nation’s history. From the day they stepped off the boat, white settlers expected Native Americans to change and conform, while they themselves refused to do any changing at all. Before the European settlers arrived in America, the native peoples were the â€Å"American Mainstream.† White settlers came into their home, disrupted and destroyed their way of life, disrespected their culture and religion, and then asked them to adopt a European lifestyle. We established a nation in a place whereShow MoreRelatedNative American Assimilation Essay1602 Words   |  7 Pages For almost as long as European settlers have interacted with the native peoples of the Americas, they have had a notion: what many call ‘assimilation’. To Europeans, assimilation of native peoples meant for their culture, which they believed to be superi or, to be accepted over time by the natives. And as they grew more and more European in language, religion, customs, organization, morals, and behavior, they would slowly shed off all of their old culture which the European culture would be replacingRead MoreNative American Cultural Assimilation Essay3830 Words   |  16 PagesNative American Cultural Assimilation from the Colonial Period to the Progressive October 2, 2011 Introduction Although the first European settlers in America could not have survived without their assistance, it was not long before the Native Americans were viewed as a problem population. They were an obstacle to the expansion plans of the colonial government and the same to the newly formed United States. The Native Americans were dealt with in various ways. During expansion someRead MoreNative Americans and Cultural Assimilation Essays1934 Words   |  8 PagesNative Americans have had a long history of resistance to the social and cultural assimilation into white culture. 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Before explaining why immigrants are not a threat for United States family values, FukuyamaRead MoreThe Accidental Asian: Notes of a Native Speaker Summary Essay867 Words   |  4 PagesPivka October 20, 2011 English 101 P2 â€Å"Notes of a Native Speaker† Summary In 1998, Eric Liu wrote a book about his struggle with acculturation titled â€Å"The Accidental Asian†. A chapter within the book called â€Å"Notes of a Native Speaker† depicts an essay written by Liu which fully describes his struggles with race and how he overcame them. Eric Liu is an American born Taiwanese Asian. His parents immigrated to the United States before he was born and in so, gave him a mixed cultural backgroundRead MoreTextual Analysis of Alexie’s â€Å"Because my Father Always Said...†1683 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis Essay Textual Analysis of Alexie’s â€Å"Because my Father Always Said...† America truly is the salad bowl of cultures from around the whole world. However, there is often times a dominating cultural structure that makes it difficult to attain peace among the diverse cultural groups of America. Sherman Alexie’s short story, Because my Father Always Said He Was the Only Indian Who Saw Jimi Hendrix Play ‘The Star-Spangled Banner’ at Woodstock, displays the difficulty of the Native AmericanRead MoreAmerican Indian Liberation : American Indians And The Boarding School Experience852 Words   |  4 Pageshad a curiosity in the Native American culture, yet my previous studies led me away from any cultural academics over the years. I am pleased that I am now delving into these resources after attending a pow wow on the White Earth Reservation to increase my understanding of the Native American culture. There are four books in particular that have sparked my curiosity: American Indian Liberation: A Theology of Sovereignty by George E. Tinker; Education for Extinction: American Indians and the BoardingRead MoreAlbert Kinsey Helped Change The American Public s Preconceptions On Sexuality935 Words   |  4 PagesEssay Question #2 Albert Kinsey helped change the American Public’s preconceptions on sexuality by publishing two bestselling books from 1947 to 1953 on the topic. Titled â€Å"American Sexual Behavior† and â€Å"Sexual Behavior in the Human Female†, these books both confirmed and challenged the generally held beliefs dealing with marriage, sexual gratification, and sexual orientation. Sex was deemed important for a healthy marriage, adultery was frequent and homosexuals weren’t weird anomalies. Hugh HefnerRead MoreNative Americans History1879 Words   |  7 PagesWhen asking a child, educated or not, what they ideas are when they hear the term Native American where does they mind venture to? More than likely do they not consider the former House of Representative, Charles D. Curtis or professor pitcher Joba Chamberlain. But they also do not think of a Native American as being an average person, a boy/girl like themselves. What children believe to be Native American are descriptions such as, feather headdresses, tomahawks, and long braided hair or scalpedRead MoreWesternization And Its Effects On Globalization And Westernization1134 Words   |  5 Pagesand culture. Various examples of this can be seen throughout history - assimilation of conquered lands into the Roman Empire, of native South Americans and Africans into Christianity and European culture during colonization, and the assimilation of Native Americans into the culture of the United States. Assimilation can al so create things, such as the religion of Vodun. However, this does not negate the fact that assimilation and its effects - globalization and westernization - are any less harmful

Environmental Pollution and Control †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Pollution and Control. Answer: Introduction With the progress of time, urbanization and development has resulted to be the root cause for environmental depletion. Any developing country tries to construct and develop by exploiting nature and eventually unacceptable consequences are foreseen (Alam et al. 2016). While focusing on Indonesia, it can be said that the environment is much affected by air pollution and the reasons are mostly because of human activities. Air pollution has not only impacted on human health, respiratory problems and lung diseases but also depleted the ozone layer by emitting excessive amount of green-house gasses (Yoo, Kim and Hadi 2014).This research will discuss the factors and challenges that Indonesia is facing related to air pollution and will finally highlight some suitable recommendations for reducing the same in future. Indonesia is developing and therefore there are plenty of infrastructure development projects, which are mostly emitting huge amount of carbon in the atmosphere resulting in more toxic chemicals through oxidization. Most of the projects are developed though burning dense forests in favor of getting empty land. However, this has led Indonesia to be the 6th largest emitter of greenhouse gases. Indonesia contributes 4.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions (Papargyropoulouet al. 2015). Some of the major challenges are listed below: Burden imposed to government from fuel subsidy 12% Carbon dioxide emission resulting from land transportation 90% air pollution occurring due to CO, HC, NOx, SOx, PM and O3 Challenges from Free Trade ASEAN Economic Community (2015), UNECA Regulation and ASEAN MRA (2012) With the effect of urbanization there has been accelerated population and housing demands, which resulted in clearing dense biologically forests. Deforestation in Indonesia is mostly done through open fire that resulted in emitting carbon. 80% of deforestation is done illegally by logging industries, which has ranked Indonesia to be the 3rd largest greenhouse gas emitter (Brunet al. 2015). Carbon reacts with oxygen in the atmosphere to emit carbon dioxide gases in excess to oxygen creating an imbalance of fresh air. On the other hand, carbon when reaches to the stratosphere, reacts with ozone to create hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons and halons. Therefore, such coolants are being destroyed to allow ultraviolet rays to penetrate atmosphere resulting in skin diseases and cancer (Alesina, Gennaioli and Lovo 2014). Since there is excessive deforestation in Indonesia through forest fires, carbon has been the main cause for air pollution. Industrialization and Transportation Atmosphere of Indonesia is filled with harmful sulfuric acid. These are mostly emitted from transportation vehicles. Sulfur oxides released in the atmosphere precipitates through acid rains. This includes smog, fog and rain associated with particulate matters (Sari, Sulistyo and Utomo 2017). Soil, water bodies and trees are getting eroded due to acidification. There have been more than 16,000 premature deaths in Indonesia as recorded in 2012 just because of air pollution and toxic chemicals (Braueret al. 2015). On the other hand, due to industrialization from pulp and paper industries and logging industries hasled to fuel combustion for manufacturing releasing toxic sulfur and nitric acids in the atmosphere. The government of Indonesia can be considered as failure in resolving corruption and illegal activities. Conservation of land and environment protection could have been concrete if there would have been policies, rules and regulations (Aboodet al. 2015). Indonesia is extremely poor in limiting resource exploitation and natural resource consumption. Builders, promoters and syndicates are the most responsible for deforestation and soil erosion and illegal timbre logging business. However, the futile environmental policies from government have resulted in poor resource management. Emission of carbon has resulted in ozone layer depletion resulting to allow harmful ultraviolet rays to penetrate. These rays have created human skin diseases, cancer and premature deaths. Also, there has been huge amount of carbon in excessive to oxygen creating more carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Both of these gases along with sulfur and nitrogen affects the environment through acid rain, smog and fog (Nakazawaet al. 2016). On the other hand, Eutrophication has resulted from excessive nitrogen emitted from transport vehicles and industries, which continues to impact water bodies by killing fishes, plants and animal diversity. Eutrophication has also destroyed the marine ecosystem by ageing lakes and estuaries. Indonesian landforms are mostly affected due to acid rains associated with smog. Smog is the combination of fog and smoke containing particulate toxic chemicals. These chemicals react with buildings and sculptures to erode the surfaces. Such erosion destroys buildings due to which more resources are consumed for restructuring and redesigning. On the other hand, due to acid rain, the most impacted are plants and trees as the leaves are eroded due to acids. Once the surfaces of tree leaves are eroded, it impacts on photosynthesis and finally death occurs (Langmann 2014). This impacts on soil erosion, loss of plantation and finally raising the toxicity in bare land, which cannot be used for agriculture in future. Atmosphere of Indonesia is completely filled with methane, sulfur, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide, carbon dioxide, Chlorofluorocarbons and other particulates. All these gases cumulatively have resulted to impact mortality. On the other hand, not so severe yet considerable challenges such as skin tan, Cardiovascular diseases and Lung diseases are quite prominent. Considering agriculture, toxic gases in atmosphere containing sulfur will react with fresh green vegetables to increase the amount to toxicity (Hayasakaet al. 2014). Once consumed, this will result in cancer and health deterioration in long term basis. Requirements for Overcoming Challenges The above discussion has highlighted that air pollution is mostly occurred in Indonesia due to forest fire. Therefore, deforestation has to be prevented in future completely and more plantation has to be done. The supplier commodity of agriculture must stop forest clearance immediately and any further peatland development has to be halted. Moratorium for peatland concession licensing has to be introduced (Alesina, Gennaioli and Lovo 2014). On the other hand, water management measures can be implemented through re-flooding critical areas, which will eventually reduce fire risks. Asia Pulp Paper has been found to be the only company for maximum forest burning and therefore, the government has to take measures for preventing their illegal activities. Taking initiatives such as planting trees in road sides, parks and house gardens will surely reduce air pollution and releasing more fresh air in the atmosphere. The transportation of Indonesia is mostly dependent on fuel based cars. Therefore, more fuel combustion releases more carbon in the atmosphere. Fuel based cars need to be replaced by battery operated sources and hybrid engines need to be put into action. Also, liquified gas can be used as fuel since less carbon is emitted. Such replacements will take huge time and budget but the government needs to be keen in supporting such activities (Bothet al. 2013). Electronic vehicles and hybrid engine replacement must be done within next 5 years and infrastructure development has to be done. However, immediately the old vehicles which emit the maximum carbon in atmosphere need to be replaced by new vehicles. Further use of Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and cleaner burning gasoline vehicles will help in reducing smoke and particulate matters. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will help in limiting the smoke emission and therefore less sulfur and carbon will be emitted (Dirgahayani 2013). Government Initiatives and Policies National Action Plan on Climate Change Adaptation (RAN-API) will act as the guidance for providing near-term priority adaptation by the decision makers. The action plan designed by regional provinces will need to be supported by the government and subsidy needs to be provided in terms of financing. On the other hand, the government needs to take action for policy adaptation from developed countries for limiting illegal deforestation. Rules, regulations, fines and penalties needs to be designed so that none of the entities are left or given privilege. Plantation, adaptation, rainwater canal, infrastructure development and transportation technology need to be taken care by government in future. Conclusion While summing, it can be said that Indonesia can reduce its air pollution if both the government and industrialists take a positive note in improving environment. The most important reason for air pollution has been found to be deforestation and therefore it needs to be reduced by joint initiatives taken by government and industrialists. On the other hand, transportation and urbanization has to be optimized through designing policies and limiting resource consumption. Alternative sources of resources must be utilized such as electric vehicles, hybrid fuel engines and hydrogen based cars. In future, Indonesia will surely be the country where there will be least air pollution. Reference List Abood, S.A., Lee, J.S.H., Burivalova, Z., Garcia?Ulloa, J. and Koh, L.P., 2015. Relative contributions of the logging, fiber, oil palm, and mining industries to forest loss in Indonesia.Conservation Letters,8(1), pp.58-67. Alam, M.M., Murad, M.W., Noman, A.H.M. and Ozturk, I., 2016. Relationships among carbon emissions, economic growth, energy consumption and population growth: Testing Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Brazil, China, India and Indonesia.Ecological Indicators,70, pp.466-479. Alesina, A., Gennaioli, C. and Lovo, S., 2014.Public goods and ethnic diversity: Evidence from deforestation in Indonesia(No. w20504). National Bureau of Economic Research. Both, A.F., Westerdahl, D., Fruin, S., Haryanto, B. and Marshall, J.D., 2013. Exposure to carbon monoxide, fine particle mass, and ultrafine particle number in Jakarta, Indonesia: Effect of commute mode.Science of the Total Environment,443, pp.965-972. Brauer, M., Freedman, G., Frostad, J., Van Donkelaar, A., Martin, R.V., Dentener, F., Dingenen, R.V., Estep, K., Amini, H., Apte, J.S. and Balakrishnan, K., 2015. Ambient air pollution exposure estimation for the global burden of disease 2013.Environmental science technology,50(1), pp.79-88. Brun, C., Cook, A.R., Lee, J.S.H., Wich, S.A., Koh, L.P. and Carrasco, L.R., 2015. Analysis of deforestation and protected area effectiveness in Indonesia: A comparison of Bayesian spatial models.Global environmental change,31, pp.285-295. Dirgahayani, P., 2013. Environmental co-benefits of public transportation improvement initiative: the case of Trans-Jogja bus system in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Journal of cleaner production,58, pp.74-81. Hayasaka, H., Noguchi, I., Putra, E.I., Yulianti, N. and Vadrevu, K., 2014. Peat-fire-related air pollution in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.Environmental Pollution,195, pp.257-266. Kim, Y., Knowles, S., Manley, J. and Radoias, V., 2017. Long-run health consequences of air pollution: Evidence from Indonesia's forest fires of 1997.Economics Human Biology,26, pp.186-198. Langmann, B., 2014. The impact of vegetation and peat fire emissions in Indonesia on air pollution and global climate.Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution,11(1), pp.3-11. Nakazawa, K., Nagafuchi, O., Kawakami, T., Inoue, T., Yokota, K., Serikawa, Y., Cyio, B. and Elvince, R., 2016. Human health risk assessment of mercury vapor around artisanal small-scale gold mining area, Palu city, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.Ecotoxicology and environmental safety,124, pp.155-162. Papargyropoulou, E., Colenbrander, S., Sudmant, A.H., Gouldson, A. and Tin, L.C., 2015. The economic case for low carbon waste management in rapidly growing cities in the developing world: The case of Palembang, Indonesia.Journal of environmental management,163, pp.11-19. Sari, K.E., Sulistyo, D.E. and Utomo, D.M., 2017, June. Reduction of CO2 emission from transportation activities in the area of PasarBesar in Malang City. InIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science(Vol. 70, No. 1, p. 012018). Yoo, G., Kim, A.R. and Hadi, S., 2014. A methodology to assess environmental vulnerability in a coastal city: application to Jakarta, Indonesia.Ocean coastal management,102, pp.169-177.